Understanding Basic Terms in Indoor Fiber Optic Cable Installation

Fiber optic cables are exposed to electrical,A cable tray is an assembly of units made of metal or
mechanical, chemical and environmental elements, soother noncombustible materials that form a continuous,
proper installation is critical for the long-term stabilityrigid support for fiber cables. Cable trays are used
and survival of fiber cables.throughout the industry and they greatly simplify the
Cable installation must also meet the NEC(Nationalinstallation of fiber optic cables.
Electric Code) and local building codes. NEC indicatesCable trays come in several different types including
that fiber optic cables can be placed in the sameladder type, trough type, channel type and solid-bottom
raceway, cable tray or enclosure with CATV,type.
telephone, communication circuits and Class 2 and 3Ladder type cable tray is a metal structure consisting
remote control signaling circuits.of two longitudinal side rails connected by individual
Note that you should never put the fiber optic cable intransverse members. The transverse members
the same enclosure that houses electrical terminations.provide the support for fiber cables.
What are conduits?Trough type cable tray is also a metal structure. It
Conduit is a tube or trough for protecting electrical orconsists of a ventilated bottom and has closely
communication wires and cables. It may be a solid orspaced supports within integral or separate longitudinal
flexible tube in which cables are run. They house andside rails.
protect the fiber optic cables as well as any otherChannel type cable tray consists of a one-piece
type of data or communication transmission line.ventilated or solid-bottom channel section.
Underground conduits are also called ducts and consistSolid-bottom type cable tray is a metal structure that
of one or more conduits spaced closely together.has no openings in the bottom. Integral or separate
They are often buried directly in the ground in concretelongitudinal side rails provide the support for the fiber
casing. Duct lines terminate in underground vaults calledcables.
manholes. Conduits are made of fiber, PVC, PE andWhat are pull boxes?
other materials.Pull boxes are used to break up long conduit lengths
Above ground conduits are made of metal orfor easier and lower tension cable pulls.
nonmetal materials. They can be used in exposed orPull boxes are usually placed near conduit bends and in
concealed locations aboveground.long straight runs. You should use at least one pull box
Characteristics of a good conduit installationafter every second 90° bend and in long conduit
1.Good mechanical properties to withstand the forcesspans.
imposed by cable installationsWhen pulling cable out of pull boxes, ensure that the
2.Observes fiber optic cables minimum bending radiuscable's minimum bend radius is always observed.
3.No sharp edges or bends touches the fiber opticCable pulled through a corner pull box should first be
cables throughout the routepulled into a loop since the sharp corner of the pull box
4.Meets current and future expansion requirementscan easily damage the cable and the fibers.
What are cable trays?